Uso y resultados del astegolimab en el manejo del asma severa: ¿qué se conoce?

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n1.13

Palabras clave:

asma, quimioterapia, resultado del tratamiento, literatura de revisión como asunto

Resumen

El asma es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica de las vías respiratorias en cuya patogenia intervienen diversas células y mediadores de la inflamación, como los mastocitos, eosinófilos, linfocitos T, macrófagos, neutrófilos y células epiteliales, condicionada en parte por factores genéticos, que se manifiesta con episodios recurrentes de hiperrespuesta bronquial y obstrucción variable al flujo aéreo, los cuales pueden, de manera espontánea o por acción medicamentosa, ceder total o parcialmente (1-4). Su presentación puede variar desde síntomas leves, hasta la limitación funcional y la muerte; se desconoce de manera integral su etiología, pero con el tiempo se ha identificado parte de su patogenia y la implicación que tienen los factores de riesgo ambientales, microbianos y psicológicos sobre una base preponderantemente genética e inflamatoria (5-7). Su manejo inicialmente se encaminó a suprimir los síntomas, y fue evolucionando hasta la comprensión, aún no completa, de los sistemas intrínsecos de su generación, con lo cual se han estudiado nuevas formas de incidir en su manejo, mediante la modulación de la respuesta inmune y la cascada inflamatoria, con la generación de medicamentos biológicos (8,9). No obstante, el asma severa es un estado de fármaco resistencia que posee un fenotipo y endotipo que se caracterizan por la necesidad de altas dosis de corticoides, lo cual se convierte en un reto terapéutico, ya que afecta sustancialmente la calidad de vida del afectado (10-14). Actualmente, se cuenta con la autorización de pocos fármacos biológicos para su uso (15), a los cuales se suma uno adicional, el astegolimab, que ha despertado interés en el manejo del asma grave refractario frente al de los otros medicamentos.

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Publicado

2023-03-03

Cómo citar

1.
Lozada Martínez ID, Dominguez Alvarado G, Torres Perez F, Cruz Rodríguez LJ, Galindo Ruiz LA, Gamboa Perdomo MC, Hurtado Quiros LF, Reales Hernández KE. Uso y resultados del astegolimab en el manejo del asma severa: ¿qué se conoce?. Horiz Med [Internet]. 3 de marzo de 2023 [citado 5 de mayo de 2024];23(1):e1948. Disponible en: https://www.horizontemedico.usmp.edu.pe/index.php/horizontemed/article/view/1948

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