Hypoglycemic effect of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Psidium guajava L. (guajava) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2015.v15n2.07Keywords:
Psidium guajava L., Diabetes mellitus, Antidiabetic, Alloxan, Blood glucoseAbstract
Objective: To evaluate antidiabetic activity of water and ethanol extracts from Psidium guajava L. leaves in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Material and Methods: Hyperglycemia was induced in albino rats by administering alloxan monohydrate (100 mg/kg i.p.). Water extract at a dose of 250 mg/kg was administered at a single dose, while ethanol extracts at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg were also administered at a single dose. Blood glucose was determined two hours after administering the extracts. Results: The addition of water and ethanol extracts of Psidium guajava L. tended to decrease the blood glucose concentration. The water extract at a concentration of 250 mg/kg was found to be more potent than ethanol extracts with the lowest mean glucose concentration of 86.67 mg/dL two hours after it was administered. The effect of ethanol extract was only observed at the concentration of 500 mg/kg with a slight decrease in blood glucose. Conclusion: This study indicated a significant antidiabetic activity of water extract of Psidium guajava L. in alloxan induced diabetic rats.
Downloads
References
Wild S, Roglic G, Green A. Global prevalence of diabetes. Estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes care. 2004; 27(5): 1047-1053.
Perry ML. Medicinal plants of East and South East Asia. MIT Press, Cambridge, UK, págs. 284-285.
Lozoya X, Meckes M, Abou-Zaid M, Tortoriello J, Nozzolillo C, Arnason JT. Quercetin glycosides in Psidium guajava L leaves and determination of a spasmolytic principle. Arch Med Res. 1994;25:11-15.
Meckes M, Calzada F, Tortoriello J, Gonzalez JL Martinez M. Terpenoids isolated from Psidium guajava hexane extract with depressant activity on central nervous system. Phytotherapy Research 1996;10:600-603.
Osman AM, Younes ME, Sheta AE. Triterpenoids of the leaves of Psidium guajava. Phytochemistry 1974;13:2015-2016.
Seshadri TR, Vasishta K. Polyphenols of the leaves of Psidium guajava quercetin, guaijaverin, leucocyanidin and amritoside. Phytochemistry 1965;4:989-992.
Tanaka T, Ishida N, Ishimatsu M, Nonaka G, Nishioka. Tannins and related compounds. CXVI. Six new complex tannins, guajavins, psidinins and psiguavin from the bark of Psidium guajava L. Chem Pharm Bull 1992;40:2092-2098.
Santosh M, Rasheda A, Debashish T. Antidiabetic and antidiarrhoeal effects on ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava (L.) bat. leaves in wister rats. Asian Pacific of Tropical Biomedicine. 2015; 5(1): 10-14.
Sowmya S, Chellam R, Arun A, Madambath I. Beneficial effects of Psidium guajava leaf extract on diabetic myocardium. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology. 2013; 65 (1-2): 91-95.
Oh WK, Lee CH, Lee MS, Bae EY, Sohn CB, Oh H, Kim BY, Ahn JS. Antidiabetic effects of extracts from Psidium guajava. J Ethnopharmacol 2005;96:411-415.
Ulloa C., Ortiz R. Técnicas de campo utilizadas por el Jardín Botánico de Missouri. 1997. Página web: http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/molib/fieldtechbook/pdf/TecnicasCampoJardin BotanicoMO.pdf
Lock O. Investigacion fitoquímica, métodos en el estudio de productos naturales. Segunda edición. PUCP. 1994. Lima.
Szkudelski T. The mecanism of alloxan and streptozotocin action in B cells of the rat pancreas. Physiol Res. 2001;50:537-546.
Grover JK, Vats V, Rathi SS. Antihyperglycemic effect of Eugenia jambolana and Tinospora cordifolia in experimental diabetes and their effects on key metabolic enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. J Ethnopharmacol 2000;73:461-470.
Kaneria M, Chanda S. Phytochemical and pharmacognostic evaluation of leaves of Psidium guajava L (Myrtaceae). Pharmacog J 2011;3(23):41-45.
Maruthupandian A, Mohan VR. Antidiabetic, antihyperlipidaemic and antioxidant activity of Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. In alloxan induced diabetic rats. Intern J Pharm Tech Res 2011;3(3):1681- 1687.
Hashemnia M, Oryan A, Hamid AR, Mohammadalipour A. Blood glucose levels and pathology of organs in alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with hydro-ethanol extracts of Allium sativum and Capparis spinosa. Afri J Pharm Pharmac 2012;6(21):1559-1564.
Sharma VK, Kumar S, Patel HJ, Hugar S. Hypoglycemic activity of Ficus glomerata in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Intern J Pharm Sci Rev Res 2010;1(2):18-22.
Mukhtar HM, Ansari SH, Naved T, Bhat ZA. Effect of water extract of Psidium guajava leaves on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Pharmazie 2004;59:734-735.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Horizonte Médico (Lima)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Horizonte Médico (Lima) (Horiz. Med.) journal’s research outputs are published free of charge and are freely available to download under the open access model, aimed at disseminating works and experiences developed in biomedical and public health areas, both nationally and internationally, and promoting research in the different fields of human medicine. All manuscripts accepted and published in the journal are distributed free of charge under the terms of a Creative Commons license – Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
