In vitro hypoglycemic activity of polysaccharides digested from Nostoc sphaericum Vaucher ex Bornet & Flahault (cushuro)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2019.v19n1.05Keywords:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Alpha-amylases, Alpha-glucosidases, GlucoseAbstract
Objective: To evaluate the inhibitory potential of the α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, as well as the inhibition of glucose diffusion, using polysaccharides isolated from Nostoc sphaericum Vaucher ex Bornet & Flahault and treated by in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Materials and methods: The polysaccharides obtained from the microalga were purified and treated through in vitro gastrointestinal digestibility in order to simulate digestion. The hypoglycemic activity was evaluated by methods such as the inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase, and glucose diffusion of the digested polysaccharides, and compared with the medication acarbose. Results: The results showed that the concentration of 50 mg/mL of digested polysaccharides decreases by 85.26 % the spread of in vitro glucose. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the α-glucosidase enzyme was 314.23 ± 4.87 mg/mL and that of the α-amylase enzyme was 113.59 ± 3.10 mg/mL. Conclusions: Nostoc sphaericum polysaccharides treated by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion showed the ability to inhibit the α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, and glucose diffusion. Therefore, this species would be considered promising for a possible adjuvant treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Downloads
References
Kasper D, Fauci A, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson L, Loscalzo J. Harrison Principios de Medicina Interna, 19º ed. Barcelona: Editorial McGraw-Hill Interamericana; 2016.
Breuer HW. The postprandial blood glucose level – A new target for optimizing treatment of diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J. 2000; D (2): D36-D38
Bhandari MR, Jong AN, Hong G, Kawabata J. Α-Glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities of Nepalese medicinal herb Parkhanbhed (Bergenia ciliata, Haw). Food .Food Chem. 2008; 106(1): 247-52.
Avellaneda I. Evaluación de la actividad inhibitoria de la α-glucosidasa (α-GLC) in vitro por extractos vegetales. [Tesis para optar al título de Químico Industrial]. Pereira: Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira; 2013: 51-66.
Sevilla O, Dubián O, Gómez L, López L. Actividad inhibitoria sobre α-glucosidasa y α-amilasa de extractos acuosos de algunas especias utilizadas en la cocina mexicana. CienciaUAT. 2013; 26(2): 42-47.
Cheng A, Fantus I. Oral antihyperglycemic therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. CMAJ. 2005; 172(2): 213-26.
Alejandro M, Jaramillo X, Ojeda S, Malagón O, Ramírez J. Actividad antioxidante y antihiperglucemiante de la especie medicinal Oreocallis grandiflora (Lam.) R Br., al sur del Ecuador. BLACPMA. 2013; 12(1): 59-68.
Kolawole O, Akanji M. Inhibitory effect of leaf extract of Newbouldia laevis on the metabolic activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Bangladesh J Pharmacol. 2013; 8(4): 371-377.
Edwards CA, Blackburn NA, Craigen L, Davison P, Tomlin J, Sudgen K, et al. Viscosity of food gums determined in vitro related to their hypoglycemic actions. Am J Clin Nutr. 1987; 46(1): 72-77.
Jenkins AL, Jenkins DJ, Wolever T, Rogovik A, Jovanovski E, Bozikov V, et al. Comparable postprandial glucose reductions with viscous fiber blend enriched biscuits in healthy subjects and patients with diabetes mellitus: acute randomized controlled clinical trial. Croat Med J. 2008; 49(6): 772–82.
Wang HB, Wu SJ, Liu D. Preparation of polysaccharides from cianobacteria Nostoc commune and their antioxidant activities. Carbohydr Polym. 2014; 99: 553-55.
Jurado B, Fuertes C, Tomas G, Ramos E, Arroyo J, Cáceres J, et al. Estudio fisicoquímico, microbiológico y toxicológico de los polisacáridos del Nostoc commune y Nostoc sphaericum. Rev Per Quím Ing Quím. 2014; 17(1): 15-22.
Guo M, Ding G, Guo S, Li Z, Zhao L, Li K, et al. Isolation and antitumor efficacy evaluation of a polysaccharide from Nostoc commune Vauch. Food Funct. 2015; 6(9): 35-3044.
Diao Y, Han H, Li Y, Zhou J, Yang Z. [Internet]. Extraction, infrared spectral analysis and the antimicrobial activity on polysaccharide within Nostoc commune Vauch. 2nd International Conference on Environment, Energy and biotechnology. [internet]. 2013 [citado 1 de noviembre de 2018];51(12):59-63. Disponible en: http://www.ipcbee.com/vol51/012-ICEEB2013-A10007.pdf
Volk RB, Venske K, Blaschek W. Structural investigation of a polysaccharide released by the cyanobacterium Nostoc insulare. J Appl Phycol. 2007; 19: 255-62.
Fassler C, Arrigoni E, Venema K, Hafner V, Brouns F, Amado R. Digestibility of resistant starch containing preparations using two in vitro models. Eur J Nutr. 2006; 45(8): 445-53.
Khaleel S, Sugantha V. In vitro antidiabetic activity of Psidium guajava leaves extracts. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2012; 2(1): S98-S100.
Matsui T, Yoshimoto C, Osajima K, Osajima Y. In vitro survey of alpha-glucosidase inhibitory food components. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1996; 60(12): 2019-22.
Tsujita T, Takeshi T. US Patente Nº 2006/030567. US Patent application publication. Washington DC; 2006.
Bisht S, Kant R, Kumar V. α-D-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of polysaccharide isolated from Acacia tortilis gum exudate. Int J Biol Macromol. 2013; 59: 214-20.
Hsu WK, Hsu TH, Lin FY, Cheng YK, Yanq JP. Separation, purification, and α-glucosidase inhibition of polysaccharides from Coriolus versicolor LH1 mycelia. Carbohydr Polym. 2013; 92(1): 297-306.
Zhang L, Zhang N, Li J, Wang Z. New α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Polysaccharides Isolated from Marine Green Algae Enteromorpha Linza. Adv Mat Res. 2013; 634-638: 1010-15.
Guocong L. Chemical compositions, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities of crude polysaccharides from the endodermis of shaddock (Citrus maxima). Arch Biol Sci. 2012; 64(1): 71-76.
Song Y, Zhang Y, Zhou T, Zhang H, Hu X, Quanhong L. A preliminary study of monosaccharide composition and α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of polysaccharides from pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) fruit. Int J Food Sci Technol. 2012; 47 (2): 357-61.
Palanuvej Ch, Hokputsa S. Tunsaringkarn T, Ruangrungsi N. In vitro glucose entrapment and alpha-glucosidase inhibition of mucilaginous substances from selected thai medicinal plants. Sci Pharm. 2009; 77(4): 837-49.
Pramitha V, Lipton A, Thangaraj M. Evaluation of α-and β-glucosidase inhibitory properties of macro-algae using intestinal extracts of marine snail, Thais rudolphi (Lamarck, 1822). Ind J Biotechnol. 2008; 7(1): 61-65.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Horizonte Médico (Lima)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Horizonte Médico (Lima) (Horiz. Med.) journal’s research outputs are published free of charge and are freely available to download under the open access model, aimed at disseminating works and experiences developed in biomedical and public health areas, both nationally and internationally, and promoting research in the different fields of human medicine. All manuscripts accepted and published in the journal are distributed free of charge under the terms of a Creative Commons license – Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
