Frecuencia del polimorfismo 282 C>T del gen N-Acetiltransferasa (NAT2) en poblaciones peruanas e implicancias en la salud
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2016.v16n1.04Palavras-chave:
Gen, NAT2, Mutación, Farmacogenética, Acetilador lento, Acetilador rápido, Población peruana, PerúResumo
Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia del polimorfismo C282T del gen NAT2 (N-Acetiltransferasa) en poblaciones peruanas. Trabajo de campo enfocado en explorar un factor de riesgo genético en poblaciones peruanas, el cual presenta influencia en la respuesta a fármacos y en la génesis de neoplasias. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Participaron voluntariamente 116 individuos, procedentes de Lima, Lambayeque, Apurímac, Puno, San Martín, Amazonas y Loreto. Se realizó un muestreo por conveniencia y se empleó la técnica convencional de RFLP-PCR. Resultados: Las frecuencias alélicas globales de 54 % (n=126) para C282, 46 % (n=106) para T282. Por procedencia destacan las frecuencias del alelo T de 42 % (n=25) en Lima, 47 % (n=16) en Amazonas, 74% (n=28) en San Martín, y 50 % (n=13) en Apurímac (X2, p>0.05). Las frecuencias genotípicas globales fueron 26.7 % (n=31) para C282/C282, 56.0 % (n=65) para C282/T282 y 17.2 % (n=20) para T282/T282 (Prueba de Hardy Weinberg p>0.05). Puno presentó desequilibrio alélico (Prueba de Hardy Weinberg p<0.05), las demás poblaciones se presentaron en equilibrio (Prueba de Hardy Weinberg p>0.05). Conclusión: Se presentó una frecuencia global de 46 % del alelo NAT2 T282; San Martín tuvo la más alta prevalencia (74%). El alelo T282 presenta asociación a neoplasias y reacciones adversas por fármacos antituberculosos, estos resultados servirán para la aplicación de la farmacogenética en el Perú.
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